The important thing to understand about resistance to change is an artifact of corporate culture and is largely unconscious. Culture is about the way we do things around here. It reflects things that have been decided, and have dropped below the level of awareness in the organization. Cultural variables really don’t show up until managers try to change the way things are done.

Today’s leaders recognize that they are tinkering with culture, that their essential task is manipulating cultural variables. The Enneagram provides insight into corporate culture, predicting patterns of resistance to change and identifying sharp interventions by leaders to harness the underlying cultural momentum to reinforce change, as illustrated in Escape the Founder’s Trap.